Viscosupplementation is a treatment which involves injecting hyaluronic acid (HA) into a joint. Hyaluronic acid is a gel-like substance that naturally occurs in synovial fluid and cartilage, where it acts as a lubricant and shock absorber. Hyaluronic acid can reduce pain and improve mobility by lubricating the joint. It also helps the the synovial fluid create more cushion.
The different brands of hyaluronic acid include: Gel One, Hyalgan, Supartz, Synvisc, Euflexxa, Orthovisc, Durolane
Viscosupplementation is most commonly used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee, shoulder, hip, and wrist. It can be an option if other nonsurgical treatments haven’t helped and pain continues to limit activities.
Viscosupplementation is different from NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections, which can have undesirable side effects. Potential side effects of viscosupplementation include joint swelling and pain, and it can’t be used by people with skin or joint infections.
Viscosupplementation effects can last for months. Most people get injections every six months to maintain the joint.